Charleston Erfurt

Restaurant Pizza & Grill Charleston, Erfurt, Germany. likes · 4 talking about this · were here. OFFICIAL PAGE [email protected] Die wichtigsten Infos zu Restaurant Pizza und Grill Charleston in Erfurt präsentiert von rencontre-femme.eu - Öffnungszeiten ✓ Ruhetage ✓ Kontakt. Charleston: Gute Speisen - Auf Tripadvisor finden Sie 97 Bewertungen von Reisenden, 37 authentische Reisefotos und Top Angebote für Erfurt, Deutschland.

Charleston Erfurt Karte & Adresse

Charleston - Restaurant, Pizza & Grill in Erfurt. In unserem italienischen Restaurant wird noch traditionell nach ausgewählten Rezepten der italienischen und. Restaurant Pizza And Grill Charleston, Erfurt: 97 Bewertungen - bei Tripadvisor auf Platz 85 von von Erfurt Restaurants; mit 4/5 von Reisenden. Restaurant Pizza & Grill Charleston, Erfurt. Gefällt Mal · 2 Personen sprechen darüber · waren hier. OFFICIAL PAGE [email protected] Restaurant Pizza & Grill Charleston, Erfurt, Germany. likes · 4 talking about this · were here. OFFICIAL PAGE [email protected] Die wichtigsten Infos zu Restaurant Pizza und Grill Charleston in Erfurt präsentiert von rencontre-femme.eu - Öffnungszeiten ✓ Ruhetage ✓ Kontakt. Charleston: Edel Italiener - Auf Tripadvisor finden Sie 97 Bewertungen von Reisenden, 37 authentische Reisefotos und Top Angebote für Erfurt, Deutschland. Wenn viel los ist muss man Geduld mitbringen. Anfahrt zum Restaurant Charleston: Weitere Restaurants - Italienisch essen in Erfurt.

Wenn viel los ist muss man Geduld mitbringen. Anfahrt zum Restaurant Charleston: Weitere Restaurants - Italienisch essen in Erfurt. Restaurant Pizza & Grill Charleston, Erfurt, Germany. likes · 4 talking about this · were here. OFFICIAL PAGE [email protected] Charleston - Restaurant, Pizza & Grill in Erfurt. In unserem italienischen Restaurant wird noch traditionell nach ausgewählten Rezepten der italienischen und.

Charleston Erfurt Gesamtwertungen und Bewertungen

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Charleston Erfurt Charleston - Restaurant, Pizza & Grill

So dürfte es immer sein Das sagen Reisende:. Nettes Personal und guter Service. Die besten Sehenswürdigkeiten in der Umgebung Alle anzeigen. Ausflugslokal Namenlos Bachstelzenweg Watch Naruto Telefon: Klässig Fish u.

Dazu gibt es Hofbräu Bierspezialitäten aus München. Die modern-bayerische Inneneinrichtung ist geprägt von Materialien wie Holz, Stein, Kupfer und schmiedeeisernen Elementen und verbindet so Tradition und Moderne.

Das steinerne Kellergewölbe mit historischen Elementen wie alten Toren bietet an hölzernen Tischen und Stühlen eine stimmungsvolle Atmosphäre.

In der Herrenstube im ersten Obergeschoss werden die Gäste dank einer kupfernen Schankanlage mit den Hofbräu Bieren versorgt.

Die Räume im zweiten und dritten Obergeschoss können für Feierlichkeiten aller Art gemietet werden. Beide Bereiche überzeugen durch die historische Atmosphäre und sind vom regulären Gaststättenbetrieb abgetrennt.

Die folgenden Seiten enthalten Werbeinformationen zu alkoholischen Getränken. Als Münchner Brauerei übernehmen wir Verantwortung und setzen uns im Rahmen der gesetzlichen Bestimmungen für den verantwortlichen Umgang mit alkoholischen Getränken ein.

After , he lived at St. Augustine's Monastery as a friar. In he was ordained as a priest in Erfurt Cathedral. He moved permanently to Wittenberg in Erfurt was an early adopter of the Protestant Reformation , in In , the city became one of the first in Europe to be officially bi-confessional with the Hammelburg Treaty.

It kept that status through all the following centuries. The later 16th and the 17th century brought a slow economic decline of Erfurt.

Trade shrank, the population was falling and the university lost its influence. The city's independence was endangered. In , the city and surrounding area were brought under the dominion of the Electorate of Mainz and the city lost its independence.

The Electorate built a huge fortress on Petersberg hill between and to control the city and instituted a governor to rule Erfurt.

During the late 18th century, Erfurt saw another cultural peak. Erfurt became part of the Kingdom of Prussia in , to compensate for territories Prussia lost to France on the Left Bank of the Rhine.

During their administration, the French introduced street lighting and a tax on foreign horses to pay for maintaining the road surface.

In , to commemorate the birth of the Prince Imperial , a foot metre ceremonial column Die Napoleonsäule of wood and plaster was erected on the common.

With the Sixth Coalition forming after French defeat in Russia, on 24 February Napoleon ordered the Petersburg Citadel to prepare for siege , visiting the city on 25 April to inspect the fortifications, in particular both Citadels.

After the Congress of Vienna , Erfurt was restored to Prussia on 21 June , becoming the capital of one of the three districts Regierungsbezirke of the new Province of Saxony , but some southern and eastern parts of Erfurter lands joined Blankenhain in being transferred to the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach the following September.

After the Revolution , many Germans desired to have a united national state. An attempt in this direction was the failed Erfurt Union of German states in During the following years, many factories in different sectors were founded.

One of the biggest was the "Royal Gun Factory of Prussia " in After the Unification of Germany in , Erfurt moved from the southern border of Prussia to the centre of Germany, so the fortifications of the city were no longer needed.

The demolition of the city fortifications in led to a construction boom in Erfurt, because it was now possible to build in the area formerly occupied by the city walls and beyond.

Many public and private buildings emerged and the infrastructure such as a tramway, hospitals, and schools improved rapidly.

The number of inhabitants grew from 40, around to , in and the city expanded in all directions. Between the wars, the city kept growing.

Housing shortages were fought with building programmes and social infrastructure was broadened according to the welfare policy in the Weimar Republic.

The Great Depression between and led to a disaster for Erfurt, nearly one out of three became unemployed. Conflicts between far-left and far-right-oriented milieus increased and many inhabitants supported the new Nazi government and Adolf Hitler.

Others, especially some communist workers, put up resistance against the new administration. In , the new synagogue was destroyed during the Kristallnacht.

Jews lost their property and emigrated or were deported to Nazi concentration camps together with many communists.

In , the company Topf and Sons began the manufacture of crematoria later becoming the market leader in this industry. On 27 January a memorial and museum dedicated to the Holocaust victims was opened at the former company premises in Erfurt.

In , Erfurt became the capital of Thuringia , replacing Weimar. In , the Länder in the GDR were dissolved in favour of centralization under the new socialist government.

Erfurt then became the capital of a new " Bezirk " district. In , the Hochschule of education was founded, followed by the Hochschule of medicine in , the first academic institutions in Erfurt since the closing of the university in During the s and s, as the economic situation in GDR worsened, many old buildings in city centre decayed, while the government fought against the housing shortage by building large Plattenbau settlements in the periphery.

With the re-formation of the state of Thuringia in , the city became the state capital. After reunification, a deep economic crisis occurred in Eastern Germany.

Many factories closed and many people lost their jobs and moved to the former West Germany. At the same time, many buildings were redeveloped and the infrastructure improved massively.

In , the new university was opened, as was the Fachhochschule in Between and , the economic situation improved as the unemployment rate decreased and new enterprises developed.

In addition, the population began to increase once again. A school shooting occurred on 26 April at the Gutenberg-Gymnasium.

Whereas the northern parts of the city area are flat, the southern ones consist of hilly landscape up to m of elevation. In this part lies the municipal forest of Steigerwald with beeches and oaks as main tree species.

To the east and to the west are some non-forested hills so that the Gera river valley within the town forms a basin. North of the city are some gravel pits in operation, while others are abandoned, flooded and used as leisure areas.

Erfurt has a humid continental climate Dfb or an oceanic climate Cfb according to the Köppen climate classification system.

Annual precipitation is only millimeters Light snowfall mainly occurs from December through February, but snow cover does not usually remain for long.

The city itself is divided into 53 districts. The centre is formed by the district Altstadt old town and the Gründerzeit districts Andreasvorstadt in the northwest, Johannesvorstadt in the northeast, Krämpfervorstadt in the east, Daberstedt in the southeast, Löbervorstadt in the southwest and Brühlervorstadt in the west.

More former industrial districts are Ilversgehofen incorporated in , Hohenwinden and Sulzer Siedlung in the north. Finally, there are many villages with an average population of approximately 1, which were incorporated during the 20th century; however, they have mostly stayed rural to date:.

Around the year , the city had 18, inhabitants and was one of the largest cities in the Holy Roman Empire. The population then more or less stagnated until the 19th century.

The population of Erfurt was 21, in , and increased to 32, in , the year of rail connection as industrialization began. In the following decades Erfurt grew up to , at the beginning of World War I and , inhabitants in A maximum was reached in with , persons.

The bad economic situation in eastern Germany after the reunification resulted in a decline in population, which fell to , in before rising again to , in The average growth of population between and was approximately 0.

Suburbanization played only a small role in Erfurt. It occurred after reunification for a short time in the s, but most of the suburban areas were situated within the administrative city borders.

Like other eastern German cities, foreigners account only for a small share of Erfurt's population: circa 3. Due to the official atheism of the former GDR , most of the population is non-religious.

The Jewish Community consists of members. Most of them migrated to Erfurt from Russia and Ukraine in the s.

Martin Luther — studied law and philosophy at the University of Erfurt from He lived in St. Augustine's Monastery in Erfurt, as a friar from to The theologian, philosopher and mystic Meister Eckhart c.

Eckhart was the Dominican Prior at Erfurt from until , and Vicar of Thuringia from to After a year in Paris, he returned to Erfurt in and administered his duties as Provincial of Saxony from there until Max Weber — was born in Erfurt.

The textile designer Margaretha Reichardt — was born and died in Erfurt. She studied at the Bauhaus from to , [48] and while there worked with Marcel Breuer on his innovative chair designs.

Her former home and weaving workshop in Erfurt, the Margaretha Reichardt Haus , is now a museum, managed by the Angermuseum Erfurt.

Johann Pachelbel — served as organist at the Prediger church in Erfurt from June until August Pachelbel composed approximately seventy pieces for organ while in Erfurt.

After the composer Richard Wetz — lived in Erfurt and became the leading person in the town's musical life. His major works were written here, including three symphonies, a Requiem and a Christmas Oratorio.

Alexander Müller — pianist, conductor and composer, was born in Erfurt. He later moved to Zürich , where he served as leader of the General Music Society's subscription concerts series.

Bach's parents were married in in a small church, the Kaufmannskirche Merchant's Church , that still exists on the main square, Anger.

Memorial and Education Centre Andreasstrasse , former Stasi prison. Since , the modern opera house is home to Theater Erfurt and its Philharmonic Orchestra.

The "grand stage" section has seats and the "studio stage" can hold spectators. In September , the opera Waiting for the Barbarians by Philip Glass premiered in the opera house.

The Erfurt Theater has been a source of controversy recently. In , a performance of Engelbert Humperdinck 's opera Hänsel und Gretel stirred up the local press since the performance contained suggestions of pedophilia and incest.

The opera was advertised in the program with the addition "for adults only". The production stirred deep controversy by featuring nude performers in Mickey Mouse masks dancing on the ruins of the World Trade Center and a female singer with a painted on Hitler toothbrush moustache performing a straight arm Nazi salute, along with sinister portrayals of American soldiers, Uncle Sam , and Elvis Presley impersonators.

The director described the production as a populist critique of modern American society, aimed at showing up the disparities between rich and poor.

The Messe Erfurt serves as home court for the Oettinger Rockets , a professional basketball team in Germany's first division, the Basketball Bundesliga.

Notable types of sport in Erfurt are athletics, ice skating, cycling with the oldest velodrome in use in the world, opened in , swimming, handball, volleyball, tennis and football.

Erfurt's cityscape features a medieval core of narrow, curved alleys in the centre surrounded by a belt of Gründerzeit architecture, created between and In , the city's fortifications were demolished and it became possible to build houses in the area in front of the former city walls.

In the following years, Erfurt saw a construction boom. In the northern area districts Andreasvorstadt, Johannesvorstadt and Ilversgehofen tenements for the factory workers were built whilst the eastern area Krämpfervorstadt and Daberstedt featured apartments for white-collar workers and clerks and the southwestern part Löbervorstadt and Brühlervorstadt with its beautiful valley landscape saw the construction of villas and mansions of rich factory owners and notables.

During the interwar period, some settlements in Bauhaus style were realized, often as housing cooperatives. After World War II and over the whole GDR period, housing shortages remained a problem even though the government started a big apartment construction programme.

Between and large Plattenbau settlements with high-rise blocks on the northern for 50, inhabitants and southeastern for 40, inhabitants periphery were constructed.

After reunification the renovation of old houses in city centre and the Gründerzeit areas was a big issue. The federal government granted substantial subsidies, so that many houses could be restored.

This is one reason why the centre today offers a mixture of medieval, Baroque and Neoclassical architecture as well as buildings from the last years.

Public green spaces are located along Gera river and in several parks like the Stadtpark , the Nordpark and the Südpark.

The city centre has about 25 churches and monasteries, most of them in Gothic style, some also in Romanesque style or a mixture of Romanesque and Gothic elements, and a few in later styles.

The various steeples characterize the medieval centre and led to one of Erfurt's nicknames as the "Thuringian Rome". It was used until when the Jewish community was destroyed in a pogrom known as the Erfurt Massacre.

The building had many other uses since then. It was conserved in the s and in it became a museum of Jewish history. It has been tentatively listed but a final decision has not yet been made.

As religious freedom was granted in the 19th century, some Jews returned to Erfurt. They built their synagogue on the banks of the Gera river and used it from until The neoclassical building is known as the Kleine Synagoge Small Synagogue.

Today it is used an events centre. It is also open to visitors. This moorish style building was destroyed during nationwide Nazi riots, known as Kristallnacht on 9—10 November In the land which the Great Synagogue had occupied was returned to the Jewish community and they built their current place of worship, the Neue Synagoge New Synagogue which opened in It was the only synagogue building erected under communist rule in East Germany.

Besides the religious buildings there is a lot of historic secular architecture in Erfurt, mostly concentrated in the city centre, but some 19th- and 20th-century buildings are located on the outskirts.

From until the old town of Erfurt was encircled by a fortified wall. About this was extended to run around the western side of Petersberg hill, enclosing it within the city boundaries.

The threat to the city from its Saxon neighbours and from Bavaria was no longer present, so it was decided to dismantle the city walls.

Only a few remnants remain today. There is also a small restored part of the wall in the Brühler Garten, behind the Catholic orphanage. Only one of the wall's fortified towers was left standing, on Boyneburgufer, but this was destroyed in an air raid in The Petersberg Citadel is one of the largest and best preserved city fortresses in Europe, covering an area of 36 hectares in the north-west of the city centre.

It was built from on Petersberg hill and was in military use until Since , it has been significantly restored and is now open to the public as an historic site.

Today, it houses the German horticulture museum. Between and , a belt of Gründerzeit architecture emerged around the city centre. The "Mühlenviertel" "mill quarter" , is an area of beautiful Art Nouveau apartment buildings, cobblestone streets and street trees just to the north of the old city, in the vicinity of Nord Park, bordered by the Gera river on its east side.

The Schmale Gera stream runs through the area. In the Middle Ages numerous small enterprises using the power of water mills occupied the area, hence the name "Mühlenviertel", with street names such as Waidmühlenweg woad, or indigo, mill way , Storchmühlenweg stork mill way and Papiermühlenweg paper mill way.

A new use has not been found yet, but the area is sometimes used as a location in movie productions because of its atmosphere. The current international glass and steel architecture is dominant among most larger new buildings like the Federal Labour Court of Germany , the new opera house , the new main station , the university library, the Erfurt Messe convention centre and the Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann ice rink.

Gründerzeit tenements in Johannesvorstadt district. Farming has a great tradition in Erfurt: the cultivation of woad made the city rich during the Middle Ages.

Today, horticulture and the production of flower seeds is still an important business in Erfurt. There is also growing of fruits like apples, strawberries and sweet cherries , vegetables e.

Industrialization in Erfurt started around Until World War I, many factories were founded in different sectors like engine building, shoes, guns, malt and later electro-technics, so that there was no industrial monoculture in the city.

After , the companies were nationalized by the GDR government, which led to the decline of some of them. After reunification, nearly all factories were closed, either because they failed to successfully adopt to a free market economy or because the German government sold them to west German businessmen who closed them to avoid competition to their own enterprises.

It still took a long time before the economic situation stabilized around Since this time, unemployment has decreased and overall, new jobs were created.

Today, there are many small and medium-sized companies in Erfurt with electro-technics, semiconductors and photovoltaics in focus.

Engine production, food production, the Braugold brewery, and Born Feinkost , a producer of Thuringian mustard, remain important industries.

Erfurt is an Oberzentrum which means "supra-centre" according to Central place theory in German regional planning.

Such centres are always hubs of service businesses and public services like hospitals, universities, research, trade fairs, retail etc.

Additionally, Erfurt is the capital of the federal state of Thuringia, so that there are many institutions of administration like all the Thuringian state ministries and some nationwide authorities.

Typical for Erfurt are the logistic business with many distribution centres of big companies, the Erfurt Trade Fair and the media sector with KiKa and MDR as public broadcast stations.

A growing industry is tourism, due to the various historical sights of Erfurt. There are 4, hotel beds and in , overnight visitors spent a total of , nights in hotels.

Nevertheless, most tourists are one-day visitors from Germany. The Christmas Market in December attracts some 2,, visitors each year. In freight transport there is an intermodal terminal in the district of Vieselbach Güterverkehrszentrum, GVZ with connections to rail and the autobahn.

Together with the east tangent both motorways form a circle road around the city and lead the interregional traffic around the centre. Whereas the A 4 was built in the s, the A 71 came into being after the reunification in the s and s.

Its southern part to Coburg was annulled when A 71 was finished in this section, the A 71 now effectively serves as B 4. Within the circle road, B 7 and B 4 are also annulled, so that the city government has to pay for maintenance instead of the German federal government.

The access to the city is restricted as Umweltzone since for some vehicles. Large parts of the inner city are a pedestrian area which can not be reached by car except for residents.

The Erfurt public transport system is marked by the area-wide Erfurt Stadtbahn light rail network, established as a tram system in , upgraded to a light rail Stadtbahn system in , [70] and continually expanded and upgraded through the s.

Today, there are six Stadtbahn lines running every ten minutes on every light rail route. Additionally, Erfurt operates a bus system, which connects the sparsely populated outer districts of the region to the city center.

Trolleybuses were in service in Erfurt from until , but are no longer in service. It is linked to the central train station via Stadtbahn tram.

It was significantly extended in the s, with flights mostly to Mediterranean holiday destinations and to London during the peak Christmas market tourist season.

Biking is becoming increasingly popular since construction of high quality cycle tracks began in the s. There are cycle lanes for general commuting within Erfurt city.

Long-distance trails, such as the Gera track and the Radweg Thüringer Städtekette Thuringian cities trail , connect points of tourist interest.

The former runs along the Gera river valley from the Thuringian forest to the river Unstrut ; the latter follows the medieval Via Regia from Eisenach to Altenburg via Gotha , Erfurt, Weimar , and Jena.

The Rennsteig Cycle Way was opened in This designated high-grade hiking and bike trail runs along the ridge of the Thuringian Central Uplands.

After reunification, the educational system was reorganized. The University of Erfurt , founded in [18] and closed in , was refounded in with a focus on social sciences, modern languages, humanities and teacher training.

Today there are approximately 6, students working within four faculties, the Max Weber Center for Advanced Cultural and Social Studies, and three academic research institutes.

The Fachhochschule Erfurt , is a university of applied sciences , founded in , which offers a combination of academic training and practical experience in subjects such as social work and social pedagogy, business studies, and engineering.

There are nearly 5, students in six faculties, of which the faculty of landscaping and horticulture has a national reputation.

Charleston Erfurt Folge uns auf Instagram Video

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Charleston Erfurt Unsere Gasträume Video

Rick Steves' Luther and the Reformation

Nach mehrfachen Renovierungs- und Umbauarbeiten eröffnete das historische Gasthaus am Erfurter Dom im April mit einem neuen Konzept. Dazu gibt es Hofbräu Bierspezialitäten aus München.

Die modern-bayerische Inneneinrichtung ist geprägt von Materialien wie Holz, Stein, Kupfer und schmiedeeisernen Elementen und verbindet so Tradition und Moderne.

Das steinerne Kellergewölbe mit historischen Elementen wie alten Toren bietet an hölzernen Tischen und Stühlen eine stimmungsvolle Atmosphäre.

In der Herrenstube im ersten Obergeschoss werden die Gäste dank einer kupfernen Schankanlage mit den Hofbräu Bieren versorgt. Die Räume im zweiten und dritten Obergeschoss können für Feierlichkeiten aller Art gemietet werden.

Beide Bereiche überzeugen durch die historische Atmosphäre und sind vom regulären Gaststättenbetrieb abgetrennt.

Die folgenden Seiten enthalten Werbeinformationen zu alkoholischen Getränken. The Melchendorf dig in the southern city part showed a settlement from the neolithic period.

The town is first mentioned in under the name of "Erphesfurt": in that year, Saint Boniface wrote to Pope Zachary to inform him that he had established three dioceses in central Germany, one of them "in a place called Erphesfurt, which for a long time has been inhabited by pagan natives.

Throughout the Middle Ages , Erfurt was an important trading town because of its location, near a ford across the Gera river. Together with the other five Thuringian woad towns of Gotha , Tennstedt , Arnstadt and Langensalza it was the centre of the German woad trade, which made those cities very wealthy.

Lübeck and the potent upper Italian city-states like Venice and Milan. During the 10th and 11th centuries both the Emperor and the Electorate of Mainz held some privileges in Erfurt.

The German kings had an important monastery on Petersberg hill and the Archbishops of Mainz collected taxes from the people.

Around , some people became free citizens by paying the annual " Freizins " liberation tax , which marks a first step in becoming an independent city.

During the 12th century, as a sign of more and more independence, the citizens built a city wall around Erfurt in the area of today's Juri-Gagarin-Ring.

After , independence was fulfilled and a city council was founded in ; the town hall was built in In the following decades, the council bought a city-owned territory around Erfurt which consisted at its height of nearly villages and castles and even another small town Sömmerda.

Erfurt became an important regional power between the Landgraviate of Thuringia around, the Electorate of Mainz to the west and the Electorate of Saxony to the east.

Between and , Erfurt was allied with the two other major Thuringian cities Mühlhausen and Nordhausen in the Thuringian City Alliance and the three cities joined the Hanseatic League together in A peak in economic development was reached in the 15th century, when the city had a population of 20, making it one of the largest in Germany.

Between and , a second and higher city wall was established. In , a first city fortress was built on Cyriaksburg hill in the southwestern part of the town.

The Jewish community of Erfurt was founded in the 11th century and became, together with Mainz , Worms and Speyer , one of the most influential in Germany.

Their Old Synagogue is still extant and a museum today, as is the mikveh at Gera river near Krämerbrücke. Before the persecution, a wealthy Jewish merchant buried his property in the basement of his house.

In , this treasure was found during construction works. The Erfurt Treasure with various gold and silver objects is shown in the exhibition in the synagogue today.

In , [18] the University of Erfurt was founded. Together with the University of Cologne it was one of the first city-owned universities in Germany, while they were usually owned by the Landesherren.

Some buildings of this old university are extant or restored in the "Latin Quarter" in the northern city centre like Collegium Maius , student dorms " Georgenburse " and others, the hospital and the church of the university.

In the year , Erfurt was the location of a notable accident called the Erfurter Latrinensturz 'Latrine fall'. The amassed weight of all the gathered men proved too heavy for the floor to bear, which collapsed.

According to contemporary accounts, dozens of people fell to their death into the latrine pit below. In Martin Luther - moved to Erfurt and began his studies at the university.

After , he lived at St. Augustine's Monastery as a friar. In he was ordained as a priest in Erfurt Cathedral. He moved permanently to Wittenberg in Erfurt was an early adopter of the Protestant Reformation , in In , the city became one of the first in Europe to be officially bi-confessional with the Hammelburg Treaty.

It kept that status through all the following centuries. The later 16th and the 17th century brought a slow economic decline of Erfurt. Trade shrank, the population was falling and the university lost its influence.

The city's independence was endangered. In , the city and surrounding area were brought under the dominion of the Electorate of Mainz and the city lost its independence.

The Electorate built a huge fortress on Petersberg hill between and to control the city and instituted a governor to rule Erfurt. During the late 18th century, Erfurt saw another cultural peak.

Erfurt became part of the Kingdom of Prussia in , to compensate for territories Prussia lost to France on the Left Bank of the Rhine.

During their administration, the French introduced street lighting and a tax on foreign horses to pay for maintaining the road surface.

In , to commemorate the birth of the Prince Imperial , a foot metre ceremonial column Die Napoleonsäule of wood and plaster was erected on the common.

With the Sixth Coalition forming after French defeat in Russia, on 24 February Napoleon ordered the Petersburg Citadel to prepare for siege , visiting the city on 25 April to inspect the fortifications, in particular both Citadels.

After the Congress of Vienna , Erfurt was restored to Prussia on 21 June , becoming the capital of one of the three districts Regierungsbezirke of the new Province of Saxony , but some southern and eastern parts of Erfurter lands joined Blankenhain in being transferred to the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach the following September.

After the Revolution , many Germans desired to have a united national state. An attempt in this direction was the failed Erfurt Union of German states in During the following years, many factories in different sectors were founded.

One of the biggest was the "Royal Gun Factory of Prussia " in After the Unification of Germany in , Erfurt moved from the southern border of Prussia to the centre of Germany, so the fortifications of the city were no longer needed.

The demolition of the city fortifications in led to a construction boom in Erfurt, because it was now possible to build in the area formerly occupied by the city walls and beyond.

Many public and private buildings emerged and the infrastructure such as a tramway, hospitals, and schools improved rapidly.

The number of inhabitants grew from 40, around to , in and the city expanded in all directions. Between the wars, the city kept growing.

Housing shortages were fought with building programmes and social infrastructure was broadened according to the welfare policy in the Weimar Republic.

The Great Depression between and led to a disaster for Erfurt, nearly one out of three became unemployed. Conflicts between far-left and far-right-oriented milieus increased and many inhabitants supported the new Nazi government and Adolf Hitler.

Others, especially some communist workers, put up resistance against the new administration. In , the new synagogue was destroyed during the Kristallnacht.

Jews lost their property and emigrated or were deported to Nazi concentration camps together with many communists. In , the company Topf and Sons began the manufacture of crematoria later becoming the market leader in this industry.

On 27 January a memorial and museum dedicated to the Holocaust victims was opened at the former company premises in Erfurt.

In , Erfurt became the capital of Thuringia , replacing Weimar. In , the Länder in the GDR were dissolved in favour of centralization under the new socialist government.

Erfurt then became the capital of a new " Bezirk " district. In , the Hochschule of education was founded, followed by the Hochschule of medicine in , the first academic institutions in Erfurt since the closing of the university in During the s and s, as the economic situation in GDR worsened, many old buildings in city centre decayed, while the government fought against the housing shortage by building large Plattenbau settlements in the periphery.

With the re-formation of the state of Thuringia in , the city became the state capital. After reunification, a deep economic crisis occurred in Eastern Germany.

Many factories closed and many people lost their jobs and moved to the former West Germany. At the same time, many buildings were redeveloped and the infrastructure improved massively.

In , the new university was opened, as was the Fachhochschule in Between and , the economic situation improved as the unemployment rate decreased and new enterprises developed.

In addition, the population began to increase once again. A school shooting occurred on 26 April at the Gutenberg-Gymnasium.

Whereas the northern parts of the city area are flat, the southern ones consist of hilly landscape up to m of elevation. In this part lies the municipal forest of Steigerwald with beeches and oaks as main tree species.

To the east and to the west are some non-forested hills so that the Gera river valley within the town forms a basin. North of the city are some gravel pits in operation, while others are abandoned, flooded and used as leisure areas.

Erfurt has a humid continental climate Dfb or an oceanic climate Cfb according to the Köppen climate classification system. Annual precipitation is only millimeters Light snowfall mainly occurs from December through February, but snow cover does not usually remain for long.

The city itself is divided into 53 districts. The centre is formed by the district Altstadt old town and the Gründerzeit districts Andreasvorstadt in the northwest, Johannesvorstadt in the northeast, Krämpfervorstadt in the east, Daberstedt in the southeast, Löbervorstadt in the southwest and Brühlervorstadt in the west.

More former industrial districts are Ilversgehofen incorporated in , Hohenwinden and Sulzer Siedlung in the north.

Finally, there are many villages with an average population of approximately 1, which were incorporated during the 20th century; however, they have mostly stayed rural to date:.

Around the year , the city had 18, inhabitants and was one of the largest cities in the Holy Roman Empire. The population then more or less stagnated until the 19th century.

The population of Erfurt was 21, in , and increased to 32, in , the year of rail connection as industrialization began.

In the following decades Erfurt grew up to , at the beginning of World War I and , inhabitants in A maximum was reached in with , persons.

The bad economic situation in eastern Germany after the reunification resulted in a decline in population, which fell to , in before rising again to , in The average growth of population between and was approximately 0.

Suburbanization played only a small role in Erfurt. It occurred after reunification for a short time in the s, but most of the suburban areas were situated within the administrative city borders.

Like other eastern German cities, foreigners account only for a small share of Erfurt's population: circa 3. Due to the official atheism of the former GDR , most of the population is non-religious.

The Jewish Community consists of members. Most of them migrated to Erfurt from Russia and Ukraine in the s.

Martin Luther — studied law and philosophy at the University of Erfurt from He lived in St. Augustine's Monastery in Erfurt, as a friar from to The theologian, philosopher and mystic Meister Eckhart c.

Eckhart was the Dominican Prior at Erfurt from until , and Vicar of Thuringia from to After a year in Paris, he returned to Erfurt in and administered his duties as Provincial of Saxony from there until Max Weber — was born in Erfurt.

The textile designer Margaretha Reichardt — was born and died in Erfurt. She studied at the Bauhaus from to , [48] and while there worked with Marcel Breuer on his innovative chair designs.

Her former home and weaving workshop in Erfurt, the Margaretha Reichardt Haus , is now a museum, managed by the Angermuseum Erfurt.

Johann Pachelbel — served as organist at the Prediger church in Erfurt from June until August Pachelbel composed approximately seventy pieces for organ while in Erfurt.

After the composer Richard Wetz — lived in Erfurt and became the leading person in the town's musical life. His major works were written here, including three symphonies, a Requiem and a Christmas Oratorio.

Alexander Müller — pianist, conductor and composer, was born in Erfurt. He later moved to Zürich , where he served as leader of the General Music Society's subscription concerts series.

Bach's parents were married in in a small church, the Kaufmannskirche Merchant's Church , that still exists on the main square, Anger.

Memorial and Education Centre Andreasstrasse , former Stasi prison. Since , the modern opera house is home to Theater Erfurt and its Philharmonic Orchestra.

The "grand stage" section has seats and the "studio stage" can hold spectators. In September , the opera Waiting for the Barbarians by Philip Glass premiered in the opera house.

The Erfurt Theater has been a source of controversy recently. In , a performance of Engelbert Humperdinck 's opera Hänsel und Gretel stirred up the local press since the performance contained suggestions of pedophilia and incest.

The opera was advertised in the program with the addition "for adults only". The production stirred deep controversy by featuring nude performers in Mickey Mouse masks dancing on the ruins of the World Trade Center and a female singer with a painted on Hitler toothbrush moustache performing a straight arm Nazi salute, along with sinister portrayals of American soldiers, Uncle Sam , and Elvis Presley impersonators.

The director described the production as a populist critique of modern American society, aimed at showing up the disparities between rich and poor.

The Messe Erfurt serves as home court for the Oettinger Rockets , a professional basketball team in Germany's first division, the Basketball Bundesliga.

Notable types of sport in Erfurt are athletics, ice skating, cycling with the oldest velodrome in use in the world, opened in , swimming, handball, volleyball, tennis and football.

Erfurt's cityscape features a medieval core of narrow, curved alleys in the centre surrounded by a belt of Gründerzeit architecture, created between and In , the city's fortifications were demolished and it became possible to build houses in the area in front of the former city walls.

In the following years, Erfurt saw a construction boom. In the northern area districts Andreasvorstadt, Johannesvorstadt and Ilversgehofen tenements for the factory workers were built whilst the eastern area Krämpfervorstadt and Daberstedt featured apartments for white-collar workers and clerks and the southwestern part Löbervorstadt and Brühlervorstadt with its beautiful valley landscape saw the construction of villas and mansions of rich factory owners and notables.

During the interwar period, some settlements in Bauhaus style were realized, often as housing cooperatives.

After World War II and over the whole GDR period, housing shortages remained a problem even though the government started a big apartment construction programme.

Between and large Plattenbau settlements with high-rise blocks on the northern for 50, inhabitants and southeastern for 40, inhabitants periphery were constructed.

After reunification the renovation of old houses in city centre and the Gründerzeit areas was a big issue. The federal government granted substantial subsidies, so that many houses could be restored.

This is one reason why the centre today offers a mixture of medieval, Baroque and Neoclassical architecture as well as buildings from the last years.

Public green spaces are located along Gera river and in several parks like the Stadtpark , the Nordpark and the Südpark. The city centre has about 25 churches and monasteries, most of them in Gothic style, some also in Romanesque style or a mixture of Romanesque and Gothic elements, and a few in later styles.

The various steeples characterize the medieval centre and led to one of Erfurt's nicknames as the "Thuringian Rome".

It was used until when the Jewish community was destroyed in a pogrom known as the Erfurt Massacre. The building had many other uses since then.

It was conserved in the s and in it became a museum of Jewish history. It has been tentatively listed but a final decision has not yet been made.

As religious freedom was granted in the 19th century, some Jews returned to Erfurt. They built their synagogue on the banks of the Gera river and used it from until The neoclassical building is known as the Kleine Synagoge Small Synagogue.

Today it is used an events centre. It is also open to visitors. This moorish style building was destroyed during nationwide Nazi riots, known as Kristallnacht on 9—10 November In the land which the Great Synagogue had occupied was returned to the Jewish community and they built their current place of worship, the Neue Synagoge New Synagogue which opened in It was the only synagogue building erected under communist rule in East Germany.

Besides the religious buildings there is a lot of historic secular architecture in Erfurt, mostly concentrated in the city centre, but some 19th- and 20th-century buildings are located on the outskirts.

From until the old town of Erfurt was encircled by a fortified wall. About this was extended to run around the western side of Petersberg hill, enclosing it within the city boundaries.

The threat to the city from its Saxon neighbours and from Bavaria was no longer present, so it was decided to dismantle the city walls.

Only a few remnants remain today. There is also a small restored part of the wall in the Brühler Garten, behind the Catholic orphanage.

Only one of the wall's fortified towers was left standing, on Boyneburgufer, but this was destroyed in an air raid in The Petersberg Citadel is one of the largest and best preserved city fortresses in Europe, covering an area of 36 hectares in the north-west of the city centre.

It was built from on Petersberg hill and was in military use until Since , it has been significantly restored and is now open to the public as an historic site.

Today, it houses the German horticulture museum. Between and , a belt of Gründerzeit architecture emerged around the city centre. The "Mühlenviertel" "mill quarter" , is an area of beautiful Art Nouveau apartment buildings, cobblestone streets and street trees just to the north of the old city, in the vicinity of Nord Park, bordered by the Gera river on its east side.

The Schmale Gera stream runs through the area. In the Middle Ages numerous small enterprises using the power of water mills occupied the area, hence the name "Mühlenviertel", with street names such as Waidmühlenweg woad, or indigo, mill way , Storchmühlenweg stork mill way and Papiermühlenweg paper mill way.

A new use has not been found yet, but the area is sometimes used as a location in movie productions because of its atmosphere. The current international glass and steel architecture is dominant among most larger new buildings like the Federal Labour Court of Germany , the new opera house , the new main station , the university library, the Erfurt Messe convention centre and the Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann ice rink.

Gründerzeit tenements in Johannesvorstadt district. Farming has a great tradition in Erfurt: the cultivation of woad made the city rich during the Middle Ages.

Today, horticulture and the production of flower seeds is still an important business in Erfurt. There is also growing of fruits like apples, strawberries and sweet cherries , vegetables e.

Industrialization in Erfurt started around Until World War I, many factories were founded in different sectors like engine building, shoes, guns, malt and later electro-technics, so that there was no industrial monoculture in the city.

After , the companies were nationalized by the GDR government, which led to the decline of some of them. After reunification, nearly all factories were closed, either because they failed to successfully adopt to a free market economy or because the German government sold them to west German businessmen who closed them to avoid competition to their own enterprises.

It still took a long time before the economic situation stabilized around Since this time, unemployment has decreased and overall, new jobs were created.

Today, there are many small and medium-sized companies in Erfurt with electro-technics, semiconductors and photovoltaics in focus. Engine production, food production, the Braugold brewery, and Born Feinkost , a producer of Thuringian mustard, remain important industries.

Erfurt is an Oberzentrum which means "supra-centre" according to Central place theory in German regional planning.

Such centres are always hubs of service businesses and public services like hospitals, universities, research, trade fairs, retail etc.

Additionally, Erfurt is the capital of the federal state of Thuringia, so that there are many institutions of administration like all the Thuringian state ministries and some nationwide authorities.

Typical for Erfurt are the logistic business with many distribution centres of big companies, the Erfurt Trade Fair and the media sector with KiKa and MDR as public broadcast stations.

Charleston Erfurt Adresse vom Restaurant Charleston: Video

The Crazy Charleston Era - Arrangement: Stefan Schwalgin Erfurt is twinned with: [75]. Page Their Old Synagogue is Karin Baal extant and a museum today, as is the mikveh at Gera river Pregau Mörderisches Tal Krämerbrücke. See also: Timeline Haus Gesucht Erfurt. Such centres are always hubs of service businesses and public services like hospitals, universities, research, trade fairs, retail etc.

Charleston Erfurt - Beliebte Gerichte im Restaurant Pizza und Grill Charleston

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